Application of nano zinc oxide (nZnO) for the removal of triphenyltin chloride (TPT) from dockyard wastewater

Authors

  • Olushola S Ayanda 1. Environmental and Nano Science Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, South Africa; 2. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, PO Box 1906, Bellville, South Africa
  • Olalekan S Fatoki Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, PO Box 1906, Bellville, South Africa
  • Folahan A Adekola Department of Chemistry, University of Ilorin, P.M.B 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
  • Leslie F Petrik Environmental and Nano Science Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, South Africa
  • Bhekumusa J Ximba Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, PO Box 1906, Bellville, South Africa

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4314/wsa.v40i4.11

Keywords:

persistent organic pollutants, triphenyltin chloride, nano zinc oxide, adsorption, dockyard wastewater

Abstract

The use of triphenyltin chloride (TPT), a persistent organic pollutant, as a biocide has led to serious contamination of the marine environment. The potential of nano zinc oxide (nZnO) for the removal of TPT from contaminated dockyard wastewater was investigated. The adsorption of TPT onto nZnO has been found to depend on the adsorbent dose, contact time, pH, stirring speed, and temperature. Equilibrium data fitted well with the Freundlich model and the experiments showed that 97.0% TPT removal was achieved by treating 0.643 mg∙ℓ-1 TPT contaminated dockyard wastewater with 0.5 g nZnO at optimal conditions. The kinetic data for the adsorption process obeyed a pseudo second-order kinetic model, suggesting that the adsorption process is chemisorption. The nZnO investigated in this study showed good potential for the removal of TPT from contaminated dockyard wastewater systems.

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Published

2025-03-30

Issue

Vol. 40 No. 4 October (2014): Water SA

Section

Research paper

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Olushola S Ayanda, Olalekan S Fatoki, Folahan A Adekola, Leslie F Petrik, Bhekumusa J Ximba

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

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How to Cite

Olushola S Ayanda (2025) “Application of nano zinc oxide (nZnO) for the removal of triphenyltin chloride (TPT) from dockyard wastewater”, Water SA, 40(4 October). doi:10.4314/wsa.v40i4.11.